BellaBoo

Hi, not an Admin but you have misunderstand some fundamentals. NI is calculated on gross earnings while income tax is calculated on gross taxable earnings. The difference is normally under net pay pension contributions. If your pension is under net pay, your NI is calculated on 100% of your earnings before pension contributions are deducted but income tax is calculated after pension deductions (so you get tax relief on the pension but not NI relief). But you do not get tax relief on NI contributions whether you are paying employee NI or paying voluntary NI. So your belief that an employee saves tax when they pay NI is incorrect. It is calculated on gross earnings but NI contributions do not reduce gross taxable income. So you are not losing out :)

Not sure if Barry Winters is getting notifications and still reading this but if he is, he made a few fundamental errors. The main one being that "sold" means for legal tender. Legal tender only has relevance for being sued for non-payment of a debt (in that you can't be sued if you pay into court using legal tender). It has no bearing on ordinary transactions. A contract of sale requires both parties to provide consideration but consideration is merely something of value. It doesn't have to be money (whether an official currency or otherwise), just something of value. So yes, if you swap one crypto for another you have entered into a contract of sale (both of you are providing consideration in the form of crypto) and disposed of an asset for another asset. This means you have a £1k gain and then when it comes to disposing of the ETH your acquisition cost for it is £2k.

Hi, not an Admin however I believe you are asking if it is relevant for the purposes of pension tax relief rather than adjusted net income, ESA is income but it is not earnings and it is only earnings which are relevant for your pension tax relief.

https://www.gov.uk/hmrc-internal-manuals/property-income-manual/pim4460 "Where a landlord has residential finance costs that would be restricted in that tax year because of ITTOIA05/S272A, they will have the choice to: either claim their expenses (including any allowable finance costs) and the reducer or use the property income allowance (whether Full or Partial Relief) Where the choice is made to use the property income allowance, a carried-forward amount, as defined by S274A(6) cannot be created for that year to be used against the individual’s future years’ income tax liability."

Hi, Just to follow up to your question on my reply, in your case it is the employment rather than the workplace that is temporary. The 24 month rule actually only applies to temporary workplaces - if you are at a temporary workplace more than 24 months then it will become a permanent workplace. However being at a permanent workplace for less than 24 months will not make that permanent workplace a temporary workplace (because the 24 month rule only applies to temp workplaces, to make it permanent). Hope that helps but please let me know if it hasn't.

Hi, I'm not an Admin but think I can provide a clear answer. There are no separate reliefs for accommodation as this would ordinarily be a personal expense (required for your comfort, rest and health rather than because of any business purpose). However the relief for travel expenses is such that it covers costs that are associated with business travel rather than just covering the cost of the travel itself. This means in order to claim accommodation costs, there needs to be business travel. As you've stated this is a permanent workplace, this means the travel is personal rather than business and no associated travel costs (including the accommodation) can be claimed. https://www.gov.uk/hmrc-internal-manuals/employment-income-manual/eim31815 And see, in particular, the last sentence in example 4. https://www.gov.uk/hmrc-internal-manuals/employment-income-manual/eim31816 Sorry it wasn't better news.

Hi, not an Admin but unfortunately travel expenses, which includes accommodation and food, are not allowable where travel is to a permanent workplace. When you are engaged via an agency, each engagement is deemed to be a separate employment. So even if the contract you accept is only for a week or two at a practice 300 miles away, it counts as a permanent workplace sadly. https://www.gov.uk/hmrc-internal-manuals/employment-income-manual/eim32125

Hi not HMRC Admin but pension or wages can only be paid to employees or directors as remuneration for the work they perform and is only deductible from corp tax calculations if wholly and exclusively for the purpose of the trade. So if the remuneration was excessive for the duties carried out you would disallow the excess. Shareholders are only entitled to dividends. They can't be paid via pension or wages.

Hi, not a HMRC Admin but I can explain HMRC's responsibility (as a department) is tax so they can only answer tax questions. What you're asking about is deprivation of assets. It can apply to DWP administered benefits too but in this case you're talking about deprivation of assets in relation to care funding provided by your local government (council). Each council may have a different policy for enforcing deprivation of assets so you may find your council are the best ones to ask.

Hi, I'm not a HMRC Admin but you'd only be able to claim the 24/25 finance costs against the 24/25 rental income. If you claim the property allowance for 23/24 then no expenses can be claimed for the 23/24 year (including the finance costs). You can't claim 23/24 expenses against 24/25 income (although if you had a loss from 23/24 or unused finance costs then those could be carried forward to be used against profits in future years).